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, © Konrad Lauber
, © Konrad Lauber

Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.

Species
ISFS : 37900
Checklist : 1004200
  1. Poaceae
  2. Apera
  3. Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

20-80(-150) cm hoch, büschelig, knickig aufsteigend. Blätter stark rau, 2-4 mm breit. Blatthäutchen bis 6 mm lang. Rispe bis 40 cm lang, regelmässig und dichtblütig, mit schief aufwärts gerichteten Ästen. Ährchen einblütig, meist gelblich, 2,5-3 mm lang. Beide Hüllspelzen häutig, obere länger als untere. Granne der Deckspelze 2-3mal so lang wie das Ährchen. Staubbeutel 0,8-1,5 mm lang.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

6-7

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Getreidefelder, Wegränder, Bahnareale / kollin-montan / M, JN, seltener A

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurasiatisch

Ecological indicator (© Landolt & al. 2010)

2+24-344.t.2n=14

Status

IUCN status

 Least concern

Anatomy

text alt
Stems, 100x
text alt
Stems 400x

Summary of stem anatomy (German)

Umriss rund oder oval. Leitbündel in mehreren Reihen. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen verholzt. Chlorenchyma in tangential verlängerten Gruppen.

Description

Culm-diameter 1-2 mm, wall thin, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness approximately 1:0.25 or < 0.25. Outline circular with a smooth surface. Culm-center hollow and surrounded by a few thin-walled, not lignified cells. Epidermis-cells thick-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in 2-3 peripheral rows. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma in a large, peripheral continuous belt (> 3 cells). Cells thick-walled. Sclerenchymatic sheath around vascular bundles large, 3 to x cells. Largest vessels in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 20-50 μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells present, small, often triangular. Distinct cavities (intercellulars) in the protoxylem area of vascular bundles.

Distribution map

Simple

Before threshold year
After threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
After threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland

M, JN, seltener A

World distribution

Eurasiatisch

Ecology

Life form

Therophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

Character species 8.2.1.1 - Kalkarme Getreideäcker (Aphanion)

bold Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 2+ Light Value L 3 Salinity Index --
Reaction Value R 2 Temperature factor T 4
Nutriments value N 4 Continentality K 4
  • Ecological values legend
    Humidity Value H
    1very dry
    1+dry
    2moderatly dry
    2+moist
    3medium wet
    3+wet
    4very wet
    4+soggy
    5submerged or underwater
    fplants living in running water
    umostly submerged plants
    vpartly submerged, partly floating plants
    whumidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
    w+highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)
    Reaction Value R
    1Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
    2acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
    3lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
    4neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
    5basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5
    Nutriments value N
    1very low in nutrients
    2low in nutriments
    3medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
    4rich in nutriments
    5very rich in nutriments
    Salinity tolerance
    1halotolerant
    3halophyle
    Light Value L
    1very shady
    2shady
    3lighted areas
    4luminous
    5highly luminous
    Temperature factor T
    1alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
    1+suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
    2subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
    2+lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
    3mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
    3+lower mountain and upper hill levels
    4hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
    4+hot places, hill level
    5very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)
    Continentality K
    1Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
    2Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
    3sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
    4subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
    5continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name :

Acker-Windhalm

Nom français :

Apéra jouet du vent

Nome italiano :

Cappellini dei campi

Match with other reference books

Relation Nom Book No
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Checklist 201737900
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Flora Helvetica 20012765
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Flora Helvetica 20122945
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Flora Helvetica 20182945
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Index synonymique 199637900
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.SISF/ISFS 237900
=Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.Welten & Sutter 19822234
= The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
< The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
> The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997) :

No

Status on national Red List 2016

IUCN status:

 Least concern

LC: Non menacé

Additional information

IUCN criteria: --

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogregraphic regions Status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) LC
Mittelland (MP) LC
Alpennordflanke (NA) LC
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) NTA4c
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) NTA4c
Alpensüdflanke (SA) CR(PE)
  • Legend
    EXExtinct
    RERegionally Extinct
    CR(PE)Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
    CRCritically Endangered
    ENEndangered
    VUVulnerable
    NTNear Threatened
    LCLeast Concern

National Priority Species List Status

No national priority or international responsability

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) No
GEtotal protection (25.07.2007)
Switzerland --
  • Disclaimer
    InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

    InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.