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Xanthium spinosum L.

Species
SIFS: 455100
Checklist: 1050610

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

15-80 cm hoch, verzweigt. Stängel kurz behaart, gelblich, unter den Blättern mit 1,5-2,5 cm langen, 3teiligen gelben Stacheln. Blätter 3lappig oder ungeteilt, ganzrandig, unterseits weissfilzig. Blütenköpfe eingeschlechtig, männliche 4-5 mm lang, gelblich, vielblütig, einzeln oder geknäuelt in oberen Blattwinkeln, weibliche 8-15 mm lang in tieferen Blattwinkeln, mit nur 2 kronenlosen Blüten, ihre Hülle wie bei X. strumarium.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

7-9

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Hecken, Schuttplätze / kollin / Vereinzelt VS, VD, SG, SH, AG

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ursprünglich südamerikanisch

Ecological indicator (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

235+44+4.t.2n=36

Distribution map (Atlas)

Dataset last updated:
Data is updated once a day, whenever possible.

Simple

Before threshold year
From threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
From threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations
Symbols
Valley surfaces Mountain surfaces
Abundant or frequent presence
Scarce or rare presence
H Herbarium sample
L Mentioned in the litterature
Colors
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982)
Occurrences from supplements 1984
Occurrences from supplements 1994

Distribution in Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Vereinzelt VS, VD, SG, SH, AG

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ursprünglich südamerikanisch

Ecology

Life form

Therophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

bold
Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species
Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 2 Light Value L 4 Salinity Index 1
Reaction Value R 3 Temperature factor T 4+
Nutriments value N 5 Continentality K 4
Ecological values legend

Humidity Value H

1
very dry
1+
dry
2
moderatly dry
2+
moist
3
medium wet
3+
wet
4
very wet
4+
soggy
5
submerged or underwater
f
plants living in running water
u
mostly submerged plants
v
partly submerged, partly floating plants
w
humidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
w+
highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)

Reaction Value R

1
Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
2
acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
3
lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
4
neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
5
basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5

Nutriments value N

1
very low in nutrients
2
low in nutriments
3
medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
4
rich in nutriments
5
very rich in nutriments

Salinity tolerance

1
halotolerant
3
halophyle

Light Value L

1
very shady
2
shady
3
lighted areas
4
luminous
5
highly luminous

Temperature factor T

1
alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
1+
suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
2
subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
2+
lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
3
mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
3+
lower mountain and upper hill levels
4
hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
4+
hot places, hill level
5
very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)

Continentality K

1
Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
2
Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
3
sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
4
subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
5
continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Xanthium spinosum L.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name:
Dornige Spitzklette
Nom français:
Lampourde épineuse
Nome italiano:
Nappola spinosa

Match with other reference books

Relationship Scientific name Book No
=Xanthium spinosum L.Checklist 2017455100
=Xanthium spinosum L.Flora alpina 2004124.27.3
=Xanthium spinosum L.Flora Helvetica 20012091
=Xanthium spinosum L.Flora Helvetica 20122083
=Xanthium spinosum L.Flora Helvetica 20182083
=Xanthium spinosum L.Index synonymique 1996455100
=Xanthium spinosum L.Landolt 19773028
=Xanthium spinosum L.Landolt 19912440
=Xanthium spinosum L.SISF/ISFS 2455100
=Xanthium spinosum L.Welten & Sutter 19821775
=
The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
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The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
>
The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997):   No

Crop Wild Relatives

CWR specie