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Viola elatior Fr.

Viola elatior Fr.

Species
ISFS : 450200
Checklist : 1050160
  1. Violaceae
  2. Viola
  3. Viola elatior Fr.

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ähnlich wie V. persicifolia, aber Stängel bis 50 cm hoch, besonders auf einzelnen Linien behaart. Blätter kurzhaarig, ebenso die Kelch- und Kronblätter. Blattstiel nicht geflügelt. Nebenblätter der mittleren Blätter bis doppelt so lang wie der Blattstiel. Unterstes Kronblatt mit dem Sporn 18-25 mm lang.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

5-6

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Riedwiesen im Bereich von Flüssen, Auenwälder / kollin / M, sehr vereinzelt

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurosibirisch

Ecological indicator (© Landolt & al. 2010)

4w+33-443.h.2n=40

Status

IUCN status

 Endangered

National Priority

 3 - medium national priority

International responsibility

 1 - weak

Conservation

Threats


Meliorationen, Entwässerungen, Umwandlung in Ackerland
Aufgabe der traditionellen Streuenutzung
Auffüllung, Deponien, (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen
Änderung der Hydrologie im Rahmen von Flussbauten, fehlende Dynamik
Eutrophierung
Wenige, isolierte Populationen

Distribution map

Simple

Before threshold year
After threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
After threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland

M, sehr vereinzelt

World distribution

Eurosibirisch

Ecology

Life form

Perennial hemicryptophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

Character species 2.3.1 - Pfeifengraswiese (Molinion)

bold Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 4w+ Light Value L 4 Salinity Index --
Reaction Value R 3 Temperature factor T 4
Nutriments value N 3 Continentality K 3
  • Ecological values legend
    Humidity Value H
    1very dry
    1+dry
    2moderatly dry
    2+moist
    3medium wet
    3+wet
    4very wet
    4+soggy
    5submerged or underwater
    fplants living in running water
    umostly submerged plants
    vpartly submerged, partly floating plants
    whumidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
    w+highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)
    Reaction Value R
    1Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
    2acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
    3lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
    4neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
    5basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5
    Nutriments value N
    1very low in nutrients
    2low in nutriments
    3medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
    4rich in nutriments
    5very rich in nutriments
    Salinity tolerance
    1halotolerant
    3halophyle
    Light Value L
    1very shady
    2shady
    3lighted areas
    4luminous
    5highly luminous
    Temperature factor T
    1alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
    1+suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
    2subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
    2+lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
    3mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
    3+lower mountain and upper hill levels
    4hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
    4+hot places, hill level
    5very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)
    Continentality K
    1Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
    2Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
    3sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
    4subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
    5continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Water dependency

Rivers 1 - Secondary habitat
Calm water 1 - Secondary habitat
Ground water 0 - No link

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Viola elatior Fr.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name :

Hohes Veilchen

Nom français :

Violette élevée

Nome italiano :

Viola maggiore

Match with other reference books

Relation Nom Book No
=Viola elatior Fr.Checklist 2017450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2001550
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2012726
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2018726
=Viola elatior Fr.Index synonymique 1996450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Landolt 19772079
=Viola elatior Fr.Landolt 19911698
=Viola elatior Fr.SISF/ISFS 2450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Welten & Sutter 19821056
= The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
< The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
> The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-
IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997) : No

Status on national Red List 2016

IUCN status:

 Endangered

Endangered

Additional information

IUCN criteria: B2ab(iii)

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogregraphic regions Status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) RE
Mittelland (MP) ENB2ab(iii)
Alpennordflanke (NA) RE
Alpensüdflanke (SA) --
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) --
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) --
  • Legend
    EXExtinct
    RERegionally Extinct
    CR(PE)Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
    CRCritically Endangered
    ENEndangered
    VUVulnerable
    NTNear Threatened
    LCLeast Concern
    DDData Deficient
    NENot Evaluated
    NANot Applicable

National Priority Species List Status

National Priority 3 - medium national priority
Need to take action 2 -
International responsibility 1 - weak
Need to monitor populations 2 -

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) No
GEtotal protection (25.07.2007)
SOtotal protection (23.02.1972)
Switzerland --
VDtotal protection (02.03.2005)
  • Disclaimer
    InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

    InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.

Conservation

Threats and measures

Meliorationen, Entwässerungen, Umwandlung in Ackerland


Schutz aller noch bestehenden Feuchtgebiete
z. T. Regulierung des Wasserstandes in den Rietgräben evtl. lokal vernässen

Aufgabe der traditionellen Streuenutzung


Anreiz zur Fortführung der extensiven Nutzung geben (Ökobeiträge)
allenfalls Nutzung durch Pflegemassnahmen ersetzen

Auffüllung, Deponien, (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen


Keine Ablagerungen und (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen oder Baumplantagen in Feuchtgebieten

Änderung der Hydrologie im Rahmen von Flussbauten, fehlende Dynamik


Angepasste Projektplanung
Zonen mit natürlicher Flussdynamik schaffen

Eutrophierung


Grosse Pufferzonen
extensivere Bewirtschaftung der Umgebung

Wenige, isolierte Populationen


Schutz (Mikroreservate)
regelmässige Bestandeskontrollen
weiterführen des Schutzprojektes
Wiederansiedlungen weiterführen (Grenchen) und an weiteren ehemaligen Fundstellen vornehmen
Erfolgskontrollen der Massnahmen gewährleisten

Ex situ material

In-situ measures

More informations

Conservation fact sheet (in german)R. Dickenmann & A. Keel, 2004: Aktionsplan Viola elatiorFachstelle Naturschutz Kt. Zürich & Topos, 2015: Anleitung zur Kultivierung Viola elatior