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Viola elatior Fr.

Species
SIFS: 450200
Checklist: 1050160

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ähnlich wie V. persicifolia, aber Stängel bis 50 cm hoch, besonders auf einzelnen Linien behaart. Blätter kurzhaarig, ebenso die Kelch- und Kronblätter. Blattstiel nicht geflügelt. Nebenblätter der mittleren Blätter bis doppelt so lang wie der Blattstiel. Unterstes Kronblatt mit dem Sporn 18-25 mm lang.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

5-6

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Riedwiesen im Bereich von Flüssen, Auenwälder / kollin / M, sehr vereinzelt

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurosibirisch

Ecological indicator (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

4w+33-443.h.2n=40

Status

IUCN status

 Endangered (EN)

National Priority

 3 - medium national priority

International responsibility

 1 - weak

Conservation

Threats


Meliorationen, Entwässerungen, Umwandlung in Ackerland
Aufgabe der traditionellen Streuenutzung
Auffüllung, Deponien, (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen
Änderung der Hydrologie im Rahmen von Flussbauten, fehlende Dynamik
Eutrophierung
Wenige, isolierte Populationen

Distribution map (Atlas)

Dataset last updated:
Data is updated once a day, whenever possible.

Simple

Before threshold year
From threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
From threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations
Symbols
Valley surfaces Mountain surfaces
Abundant or frequent presence
Scarce or rare presence
H Herbarium sample
L Mentioned in the litterature
Colors
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982)
Occurrences from supplements 1984
Occurrences from supplements 1994

Distribution in Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

M, sehr vereinzelt

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurosibirisch

Ecology

Life form

Perennial hemicryptophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

bold
Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species
Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 4w+ Light Value L 4 Salinity Index
Reaction Value R 3 Temperature factor T 4
Nutriments value N 3 Continentality K 3
Ecological values legend

Humidity Value H

1
very dry
1+
dry
2
moderatly dry
2+
moist
3
medium wet
3+
wet
4
very wet
4+
soggy
5
submerged or underwater
f
plants living in running water
u
mostly submerged plants
v
partly submerged, partly floating plants
w
humidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
w+
highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)

Reaction Value R

1
Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
2
acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
3
lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
4
neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
5
basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5

Nutriments value N

1
very low in nutrients
2
low in nutriments
3
medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
4
rich in nutriments
5
very rich in nutriments

Salinity tolerance

1
halotolerant
3
halophyle

Light Value L

1
very shady
2
shady
3
lighted areas
4
luminous
5
highly luminous

Temperature factor T

1
alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
1+
suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
2
subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
2+
lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
3
mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
3+
lower mountain and upper hill levels
4
hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
4+
hot places, hill level
5
very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)

Continentality K

1
Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
2
Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
3
sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
4
subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
5
continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Water dependency

Rivers 1 - Secondary habitat
Calm water 1 - Secondary habitat
Ground water 0 - No link

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Viola elatior Fr.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name:
Hohes Veilchen
Nom français:
Violette élevée
Nome italiano:
Viola maggiore

Match with other reference books

Relationship Scientific name Book No
=Viola elatior Fr.Checklist 2017450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora alpina 200449.1.16
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2001550
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2012726
=Viola elatior Fr.Flora Helvetica 2018726
=Viola elatior Fr.Index synonymique 1996450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Landolt 19772079
=Viola elatior Fr.Landolt 19911698
=Viola elatior Fr.SISF/ISFS 2450200
=Viola elatior Fr.Welten & Sutter 19821056
=
The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
<
The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
>
The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997):   No

Status on national Red List

IUCN status: Endangered

Endangered

Additional information

IUCN criteria: B2ab(iii)

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogeographic regions IUCN status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) RE
Mittelland (MP) ENB2ab(iii)
Alpennordflanke (NA) RE
Alpensüdflanke (SA) --
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) --
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) --
Legend
EX
Extinct
RE
Regionally Extinct
CR(PE)
Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
CR
Critically Endangered
EN
Endangered
VU
Vulnerable
NT
Near Threatened
LC
Least Concern
DD
Data Deficient
NE
Not Evaluated
NA
Not Applicable

National Priority Species List Status

National Priority 3 - medium national priority
Need to take action 2 -
International responsibility 1 - weak
Need to monitor populations 2 -

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) No
GEtotal protection (25.07.2007)
SOtotal protection (23.02.1972)
Switzerland
VDtotal protection (02.03.2005)
Disclaimer
InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.

Crop Wild Relatives

CWR specie

Conservation

Threats and measures

Meliorationen, Entwässerungen, Umwandlung in Ackerland


Schutz aller noch bestehenden Feuchtgebiete
z. T. Regulierung des Wasserstandes in den Rietgräben evtl. lokal vernässen

Aufgabe der traditionellen Streuenutzung


Anreiz zur Fortführung der extensiven Nutzung geben (Ökobeiträge)
allenfalls Nutzung durch Pflegemassnahmen ersetzen

Auffüllung, Deponien, (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen


Keine Ablagerungen und (Ersatz-)Aufforstungen oder Baumplantagen in Feuchtgebieten

Änderung der Hydrologie im Rahmen von Flussbauten, fehlende Dynamik


Angepasste Projektplanung
Zonen mit natürlicher Flussdynamik schaffen

Eutrophierung


Grosse Pufferzonen
extensivere Bewirtschaftung der Umgebung

Wenige, isolierte Populationen


Schutz (Mikroreservate)
regelmässige Bestandeskontrollen
weiterführen des Schutzprojektes
Wiederansiedlungen weiterführen (Grenchen) und an weiteren ehemaligen Fundstellen vornehmen
Erfolgskontrollen der Massnahmen gewährleisten

Ex situ material

In-situ measures

More informations

Conservation fact sheet (in german)R. Dickenmann & A. Keel, 2004: Aktionsplan Viola elatiorFachstelle Naturschutz Kt. Zürich & Topos, 2015: Anleitung zur Kultivierung Viola elatior