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Orchis palustris Jacq.
Orchis palustris Jacq., © Konrad Lauber
Orchis palustris Jacq., © Konrad Lauber

Orchis palustris Jacq.

Species
ISFS : 281300
Checklist : 1031430
  1. Orchidaceae
  2. Orchis
  3. Orchis palustris Jacq.

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Stängel 20-50 cm hoch, mit lineal-lanzettlichen, hohlrinnigen, blaugrünen Blättern, auch die oberen mit abstehender Spreite. Blütenstand locker. Blüten violett, lila oder rosa. Die seitlichen äusseren Perigonblätter aufwärts abstehend, die 3 übrigen zusammenneigend, die äusseren deutlich länger als die inneren. Lippe mit dunkelroten Flecken, 12-15 mm lang, im Umriss rundlich, breiter als lang, seicht 3teilig. Sporn gerade, +/- horizontal, wenig kürzer als der Fruchtknoten.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

5-6

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Sumpfwiesen / kollin / M, VS (Savièse)

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurasiatisch

Ecological indicator (© Landolt & al. 2010)

4+w42+44+3.g.2n=42

Status

IUCN status

 Vulnerable

National Priority

 4 - weak national priority

International responsibility

 1 - weak

Anatomy

text alt
Stems, 100x
text alt
Stems 400x

Summary of stem anatomy (German)

Umriss rund oder oval. Leitbündel in mehreren Reihen. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen nicht verholzt.

Description

Culm-diameter 2-5 mm, wall large, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness approximately 1:0.5. Outline circular with a smooth surface. Center hollow and surrounded by many large thin-walled, not lignified cells. Without cortex/cylinder separation. Culm without endodermis but with a sheath of lignified cells around the center. Epidermis smooth. Epidermis cells thin-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in 2-3 peripheral rows. Chlorenchyma present, continuous peripheral belt with unlignified round cells (like a large cortex). Vascular bundles concentric, phloem in the center. Sheath around vascular bundles absent or not lignified. Vessel arrangement irregularly grouped or distributed. Largest vessel in the bundle small, < 20 μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma cells small, often triangular.

Distribution map

Simple

Before threshold year
After threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
After threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland

M, VS (Savièse)

World distribution

Eurasiatisch

Ecology

Life form

Geophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

Character species 2.2.3 - Kalkreiches Kleinseggenried (Davallseggenried) (Caricion davallianae)

bold Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 4+w Light Value L 4 Salinity Index 1
Reaction Value R 4 Temperature factor T 4+
Nutriments value N 2 Continentality K 3
  • Ecological values legend
    Humidity Value H
    1very dry
    1+dry
    2moderatly dry
    2+moist
    3medium wet
    3+wet
    4very wet
    4+soggy
    5submerged or underwater
    fplants living in running water
    umostly submerged plants
    vpartly submerged, partly floating plants
    whumidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
    w+highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)
    Reaction Value R
    1Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
    2acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
    3lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
    4neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
    5basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5
    Nutriments value N
    1very low in nutrients
    2low in nutriments
    3medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
    4rich in nutriments
    5very rich in nutriments
    Salinity tolerance
    1halotolerant
    3halophyle
    Light Value L
    1very shady
    2shady
    3lighted areas
    4luminous
    5highly luminous
    Temperature factor T
    1alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
    1+suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
    2subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
    2+lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
    3mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
    3+lower mountain and upper hill levels
    4hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
    4+hot places, hill level
    5very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)
    Continentality K
    1Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
    2Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
    3sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
    4subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
    5continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Water dependency

Rivers 0 - No link
Calm water 0 - No link
Ground water 0 - No link

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Orchis palustris Jacq.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name :

Sumpf-Knabenkraut

Nom français :

Orchis des marais

Nome italiano :

Orchide palustre

Match with other reference books

Relation Nom Book No
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Checklist 2017281300
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Flora Helvetica 20012993
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Flora Helvetica 20122578
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Flora Helvetica 20182578
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Index synonymique 1996281300
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Landolt 1977771
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Landolt 1991677
=Orchis palustris Jacq.SISF/ISFS 2281300
=Orchis palustris Jacq.Welten & Sutter 19822560
= The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
< The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
> The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-
IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997) : No

Status on national Red List 2016

IUCN status:

 Vulnerable

LC: Non menacé

Additional information

IUCN criteria: A4c; B2ab(iii); C2a(i)

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogregraphic regions Status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) RE
Mittelland (MP) VUA4c
Alpennordflanke (NA) CRD
Alpensüdflanke (SA) --
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) --
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) CRD
  • Legend
    EXExtinct
    RERegionally Extinct
    CR(PE)Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
    CRCritically Endangered
    ENEndangered
    VUVulnerable
    NTNear Threatened
    LCLeast Concern

National Priority Species List Status

National Priority 4 - weak national priority
Need to take action 2 -
International responsibility 1 - weak
Need to monitor populations 1 -

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) No
AGtotal protection (01.01.2010)
BEtotal protection (01.01.2016)
FRtotal protection (12.03.1973)
Switzerland total protection
GEtotal protection (25.07.2007)
VDtotal protection (02.03.2005)
ZHtotal protection (03.12.1964)
  • Disclaimer
    InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

    InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.

Conservation

Threats and measures

Ex situ material

In-situ measures

More informations

C. Gnägi, 2020: Aktionsplan Orchis palustris, Pro naturaJ. Menzi & K. Spörri, 2018: Aktionsplan Orchis palustrisFachstelle Naturschutz Kt. Zürich & Topos, 2012: Anleitung zur Kultivierung Orchis palustris