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Bromus grossus DC.

Species
SIFS: 65900
Checklist: 1007320

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ähnlich wie B. secalinus, aber Rispenäste behaart, oft etwas überhängend, mit 1-2 Ährchen. Diese ohne die Grannen 1,8-3 cm lang, 10-15blütig. Deckspelzen 9-12 mm lang, etwas länger als die Vorspelze. Grannen 8-14 mm lang.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

6-7

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ödland, Getreide / kollin-montan / Vereinzelt CH

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurasiatisch

Ecological indicator (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

2w43-34+4.t.2n=28

Status

IUCN status

 Critically endangered (CR)

National Priority

 2 - high national priority

International responsibility

 1 - weak

Conservation

Threats


Verbesserte Saatgutreinigung, Sortenzüchtung,Ersatz des Dinkels durch ertragreichere Getreidesorten
Intensive Bewirtschaftung (tiefe Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung, Herbizide)
Sukzession in Ruderalgesellschaften, keine Ausweichmöglichkeit
Kleine Zahl der Fundorte

Anatomy

Summary of stem anatomy (German)

Umriss rund oder oval. Leitbündel in mehreren Reihen. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen verholzt. Chlorenchyma in tangential verlängerten Gruppen.

Description

Culm-diameter 2-5 mm, wall large, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness 1:0.5. Outline circular with a smooth surface. Culm-center hollow and surrounded by a few thin-walled, not lignified cells. Epidermis-cells thin-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in 2-3 peripheral rows. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma in a large, peripheral continuous belt (> 3 cells). Cells thick-walled. Sclerenchymatic sheath bilateral, large at both radial ends of vascular bundles. Largest vessels in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 50-100 μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells present, small, often triangular. Distinct cavities (intercellulars) in the protoxylem area of vascular bundles.

Distribution map (Atlas)

Dataset last updated:
Data is updated once a day, whenever possible.

Simple

Before threshold year
From threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
From threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations
Symbols
Valley surfaces Mountain surfaces
Abundant or frequent presence
Scarce or rare presence
H Herbarium sample
L Mentioned in the litterature
Colors
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982)
Occurrences from supplements 1984
Occurrences from supplements 1994

Distribution in Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Vereinzelt CH

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurasiatisch

Ecology

Life form

Therophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

bold
Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species
Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 2w Light Value L 3 Salinity Index
Reaction Value R 4 Temperature factor T 4+
Nutriments value N 3 Continentality K 4
Ecological values legend

Humidity Value H

1
very dry
1+
dry
2
moderatly dry
2+
moist
3
medium wet
3+
wet
4
very wet
4+
soggy
5
submerged or underwater
f
plants living in running water
u
mostly submerged plants
v
partly submerged, partly floating plants
w
humidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
w+
highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)

Reaction Value R

1
Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
2
acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
3
lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
4
neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
5
basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5

Nutriments value N

1
very low in nutrients
2
low in nutriments
3
medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
4
rich in nutriments
5
very rich in nutriments

Salinity tolerance

1
halotolerant
3
halophyle

Light Value L

1
very shady
2
shady
3
lighted areas
4
luminous
5
highly luminous

Temperature factor T

1
alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
1+
suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
2
subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
2+
lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
3
mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
3+
lower mountain and upper hill levels
4
hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
4+
hot places, hill level
5
very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)

Continentality K

1
Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
2
Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
3
sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
4
subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
5
continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Water dependency

Rivers 0 - No link
Calm water 0 - No link
Ground water 0 - No link

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Bromus grossus DC.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name:
Dicke Trespe
Nom français:
Brome à gros épillets
Nome italiano:
Forasacco del farro

Match with other reference books

Relationship Scientific name Book No
=Bromus grossus DC.Checklist 201765900
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora alpina 2004139.21.14
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20012610
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20122786
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20182786
=Bromus grossus DC.Index synonymique 199665900
=Bromus grossus DC.Landolt 1977373
=Bromus grossus DC.Landolt 1991335
=Bromus grossus DC.SISF/ISFS 265900
=Bromus grossus DC.Welten & Sutter 19822257
=
The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
<
The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
>
The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997):   Yes

Status on national Red List

IUCN status: Critically endangered

Critically endangered

Additional information

IUCN criteria: C2a(i)

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogeographic regions IUCN status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) CR(PE)
Mittelland (MP) CRC2a(i)
Alpennordflanke (NA) CR(PE)
Alpensüdflanke (SA) RE
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) RE
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) RE
Legend
EX
Extinct
RE
Regionally Extinct
CR(PE)
Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
CR
Critically Endangered
EN
Endangered
VU
Vulnerable
NT
Near Threatened
LC
Least Concern
DD
Data Deficient
NE
Not Evaluated
NA
Not Applicable

National Priority Species List Status

National Priority 2 - high national priority
Need to take action 2 -
International responsibility 1 - weak
Need to monitor populations 1 -

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) Yes
NWtotal protection (29.11.2005)
SHtotal protection (06.03.1979)
Switzerland
VDtotal protection (02.03.2005)
TItotal protection (23.01.2013)
Disclaimer
InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.

Status by sector of activity

Agriculture-related environmental objectives: Z - more informations

Crop Wild Relatives

CWR specie of particular concern

Conservation

Threats and measures

Verbesserte Saatgutreinigung, Sortenzüchtung,Ersatz des Dinkels durch ertragreichere Getreidesorten


Extensive (Dinkel-) Getreideäcker in thermisch günstigen Lagen im früheren Anbaugebiet des Dinkels anlegen oder fördern (z. B. im Rahmen der Erhaltung alter Getreidesorten, auf Grenzertragsflächen)
Verzicht auf perfekte Saatgutreinigung

Intensive Bewirtschaftung (tiefe Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung, Herbizide)


Nur geringe, wenig tiefe mechanische Bodenbearbeitung
keine oder geringe Düngung
dosierter Herbizideinsatz nur im Extremfall

Sukzession in Ruderalgesellschaften, keine Ausweichmöglichkeit


Genügend grosse Ruderalflächen (mit unterschiedlicher Störungsintensität) in Industriegebieten zulassen
klare Zielvorgaben und Beratung von Firmen mit solchen Bereichen

Kleine Zahl der Fundorte


Schaffung weiterer günstiger Ersatzlebensräume z. B. entlang von Bahnlinien
Information der Bevölkerung über den Zweck von «ungepflegten» Flächen
sofern noch Fundstellen bestätigt werden: ex-situ-Kultur für Erhaltungskulturen und allfällige spätere Wiederansiedlungen
Erfolgskontrolle der Massnahmen gewährleisten
für vollständigen Schutz vorgeschlagen (NHV, z. Z. in Revision)

In-situ measures

More informations

Conservation fact sheet (in german)H. Scholz, 2008: Die Gattung Bromus (Poaceae) in Mitteleuropa Synopse und tabellarischer Bestimmungsschlüssel, Kochia 3: 1–18LUBW Baden-Württenberg: Artensteckbrief - Dicke Trespe - Bromus grossus A. P. de Candolle