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Bromus grossus DC.

Bromus grossus DC.

Species
ISFS : 65900
Checklist : 1007320
  1. Poaceae
  2. Bromus
  3. Bromus secalinus aggr.
  4. Bromus grossus DC.

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ähnlich wie B. secalinus, aber Rispenäste behaart, oft etwas überhängend, mit 1-2 Ährchen. Diese ohne die Grannen 1,8-3 cm lang, 10-15blütig. Deckspelzen 9-12 mm lang, etwas länger als die Vorspelze. Grannen 8-14 mm lang.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

6-7

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Ödland, Getreide / kollin-montan / Vereinzelt CH

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Eurasiatisch

Ecological indicator (© Landolt & al. 2010)

2w43-34+4.t.2n=28

Status

IUCN status

 Critically endangered

National Priority

 2 - high national priority

International responsibility

 1 - weak

Conservation

Threats


Verbesserte Saatgutreinigung, Sortenzüchtung,Ersatz des Dinkels durch ertragreichere Getreidesorten
Intensive Bewirtschaftung (tiefe Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung, Herbizide)
Sukzession in Ruderalgesellschaften, keine Ausweichmöglichkeit
Kleine Zahl der Fundorte

Anatomy

Summary of stem anatomy (German)

Umriss rund oder oval. Leitbündel in mehreren Reihen. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen verholzt. Chlorenchyma in tangential verlängerten Gruppen.

Description

Culm-diameter 2-5 mm, wall large, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness 1:0.5. Outline circular with a smooth surface. Culm-center hollow and surrounded by a few thin-walled, not lignified cells. Epidermis-cells thin-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in 2-3 peripheral rows. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma in a large, peripheral continuous belt (> 3 cells). Cells thick-walled. Sclerenchymatic sheath bilateral, large at both radial ends of vascular bundles. Largest vessels in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 50-100 μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells present, small, often triangular. Distinct cavities (intercellulars) in the protoxylem area of vascular bundles.

Distribution map

Simple

Before threshold year
After threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
After threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland

Vereinzelt CH

World distribution

Eurasiatisch

Ecology

Life form

Therophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

Less strictly linked to a specific habitat 8.2.1.1 - Kalkarme Getreideäcker (Aphanion)

bold Dominant species, influencing the appearance of the habitat
Character species Character species
Less strictly linked to a specific habitat Less strictly linked to a specific habitat

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 2w Light Value L 3 Salinity Index --
Reaction Value R 4 Temperature factor T 4+
Nutriments value N 3 Continentality K 4
  • Ecological values legend
    Humidity Value H
    1very dry
    1+dry
    2moderatly dry
    2+moist
    3medium wet
    3+wet
    4very wet
    4+soggy
    5submerged or underwater
    fplants living in running water
    umostly submerged plants
    vpartly submerged, partly floating plants
    whumidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
    w+highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)
    Reaction Value R
    1Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
    2acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
    3lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
    4neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
    5basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5
    Nutriments value N
    1very low in nutrients
    2low in nutriments
    3medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
    4rich in nutriments
    5very rich in nutriments
    Salinity tolerance
    1halotolerant
    3halophyle
    Light Value L
    1very shady
    2shady
    3lighted areas
    4luminous
    5highly luminous
    Temperature factor T
    1alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
    1+suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
    2subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
    2+lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
    3mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
    3+lower mountain and upper hill levels
    4hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
    4+hot places, hill level
    5very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)
    Continentality K
    1Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
    2Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
    3sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
    4subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
    5continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Water dependency

Rivers 0 - No link
Calm water 0 - No link
Ground water 0 - No link

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Bromus grossus DC.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name :

Dicke Trespe

Nom français :

Brome à gros épillets

Nome italiano :

Forasacco del farro

Match with other reference books

Relation Nom Book No
=Bromus grossus DC.Checklist 201765900
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20012610
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20122786
=Bromus grossus DC.Flora Helvetica 20182786
=Bromus grossus DC.Index synonymique 199665900
=Bromus grossus DC.Landolt 1977373
=Bromus grossus DC.Landolt 1991335
=Bromus grossus DC.SISF/ISFS 265900
=Bromus grossus DC.Welten & Sutter 19822257
= The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
< The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
> The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997) : Yes

Status on national Red List 2016

IUCN status:

 Critically endangered

Critically endangered

Additional information

IUCN criteria: C2a(i)

Status on regional Red List 2019

Biogregraphic regions Status IUCN criteria
Jura (JU) CR(PE)
Mittelland (MP) CRC2a(i)
Alpennordflanke (NA) CR(PE)
Alpensüdflanke (SA) RE
Östliche Zentralalpen (EA) RE
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) RE
  • Legend
    EXExtinct
    RERegionally Extinct
    CR(PE)Critically Endangered, Probably Extinct
    CRCritically Endangered
    ENEndangered
    VUVulnerable
    NTNear Threatened
    LCLeast Concern
    DDData Deficient
    NENot Evaluated
    NANot Applicable

National Priority Species List Status

National Priority 2 - high national priority
Need to take action 2 -
International responsibility 1 - weak
Need to monitor populations 1 -

Protection status

International (Bern Convention) Yes
NWtotal protection (29.11.2005)
SHtotal protection (06.03.1979)
Switzerland --
VDtotal protection (02.03.2005)
TItotal protection (23.01.2013)
  • Disclaimer
    InfoFlora compiles information on protected species as accurately as possible, taking it from the respective cantonal laws. In some cases, however, it was not possible to use the plant names as listed in the original text, but an interpretation of their taxonomy or nomenclature was necessary. The exact meaning of the categories „completely protected“ and „partially protected“ differs among the cantons.

    InfoFlora cannot guarantee that the information on the protection status is correct and complete. In case of doubts, we recommend to look up the texts of the respective cantonal law.

Status by sector of activity

Agriculture-related environmental objectives : Z - more informations

Conservation

Threats and measures

Verbesserte Saatgutreinigung, Sortenzüchtung,Ersatz des Dinkels durch ertragreichere Getreidesorten


Extensive (Dinkel-) Getreideäcker in thermisch günstigen Lagen im früheren Anbaugebiet des Dinkels anlegen oder fördern (z. B. im Rahmen der Erhaltung alter Getreidesorten, auf Grenzertragsflächen)
Verzicht auf perfekte Saatgutreinigung

Intensive Bewirtschaftung (tiefe Bodenbearbeitung, Düngung, Herbizide)


Nur geringe, wenig tiefe mechanische Bodenbearbeitung
keine oder geringe Düngung
dosierter Herbizideinsatz nur im Extremfall

Sukzession in Ruderalgesellschaften, keine Ausweichmöglichkeit


Genügend grosse Ruderalflächen (mit unterschiedlicher Störungsintensität) in Industriegebieten zulassen
klare Zielvorgaben und Beratung von Firmen mit solchen Bereichen

Kleine Zahl der Fundorte


Schaffung weiterer günstiger Ersatzlebensräume z. B. entlang von Bahnlinien
Information der Bevölkerung über den Zweck von «ungepflegten» Flächen
sofern noch Fundstellen bestätigt werden: ex-situ-Kultur für Erhaltungskulturen und allfällige spätere Wiederansiedlungen
Erfolgskontrolle der Massnahmen gewährleisten
für vollständigen Schutz vorgeschlagen (NHV, z. Z. in Revision)

More informations

Conservation fact sheet (in german)H. Scholz, 2008: Die Gattung Bromus (Poaceae) in Mitteleuropa Synopse und tabellarischer Bestimmungsschlüssel, Kochia 3: 1–18LUBW Baden-Württenberg: Artensteckbrief - Dicke Trespe - Bromus grossus A. P. de Candolle