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Allium sativum L.

Allium sativum L.

Species
ISFS : 24100
Checklist : 1002730
  1. Amaryllidaceae
  2. Allium
  3. Allium sativum L.

Synthesis

Species description (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Zwiebel weisshäutig, mit mehreren (inneren) Nebenzwiebeln. Stängel 30-80 cm hoch, bis zur Mitte beblättert. Blätter lineal, flach, kahl, 4-8(-12) mm breit. Blütenstand halbkugelig, Durchmesser 6-10 cm, reichblütig, aber oft steril und mit Brutzwiebeln. Hüllblatt einseitig, mit langem Schnabel den Blütenstand überragend. Perigonblätter rötlich- oder grünlich-weiss, ca. 3 mm lang. Staubblätter eingeschlossen, die 3 inneren mit kurzen, die Staubbeutel nicht überragenden Seitenzähnen.

Flowering period (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

6

Habitat and distribution inside Switzerland (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

In vielen Sorten kultiviert und selten verwildert / kollin-montan(-subalpin) /

World distribution (© Flora Helvetica 2018)

Stammt aus Asien

Ecological indicator (© Landolt & al. 2010)

3w43-34+4.g.2n=16

Anatomy

Summary of stem anatomy (German)

Umriss rund oder oval. Leitbündel diffus verteilt. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen nicht verholzt.

Description

Culm-diameter 2-5 mm, center full, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness 1:1. Outline circular with a smooth surface. Culm-center full, containing unlignified cells. Without cortex/cylinder separation. Culm without endodermis but with a sheath of lignified cells around the center. Epidermis smooth. Epidermis-cells thin-walled all around. Large vascular bundles distributed in the whole culm. Small or rudimentary vascular bundles mainly at the periphery. Chlorenchyma present, continuous peripheral belt with unlignified round cells (like a large cortex). Sheath around vascular bundles absent or not lignified. Vessel arrangement radial. Largest vessel in the bundle 20-50 μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells small, often triangular.

Distribution map

Simple

Before threshold year
After threshold year
Before and after threshold year

Advanced

Colors
Validated observations
Observations waiting for validation
Occurrences from Atlas Welten & Sutter (1982) and supplements (1984, 1994) without confirmation in the Info Flora database since
Symbols
Before threshold year
After threshold year
Native
Reintroduced
Not native / introduced / subspontaneous / escaped
Doubtful

Number of observations

Below the threshold number of observations
Above or equal the threshold number of observations

World distribution

Stammt aus Asien

Ecology

Life form

Geophyte

Habitats

Habitats © Delarze & al. 2015

NO INFORMATION

Ecological indicator values by © Landolt & al. (2010)

Soil factors Climatic factors Salinity tolerance
Humidity Value H 3w Light Value L 3 Salinity Index --
Reaction Value R 4 Temperature factor T 4+
Nutriments value N 3 Continentality K 4
  • Ecological values legend
    Humidity Value H
    1very dry
    1+dry
    2moderatly dry
    2+moist
    3medium wet
    3+wet
    4very wet
    4+soggy
    5submerged or underwater
    fplants living in running water
    umostly submerged plants
    vpartly submerged, partly floating plants
    whumidity moderately variable (± scale of 1-2)
    w+highly variable humidity (scale exceeding ± 2)
    Reaction Value R
    1Very acid (pH 2.5-5.5)
    2acid (pH 3.5-6.5)
    3lightly acid to neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)
    4neutral to basic (pH 5.5-8.5)
    5basic (pH 6-5 -> 8.5
    Nutriments value N
    1very low in nutrients
    2low in nutriments
    3medium-poor to medium-rich in nutrients
    4rich in nutriments
    5very rich in nutriments
    Salinity tolerance
    1halotolerant
    3halophyle
    Light Value L
    1very shady
    2shady
    3lighted areas
    4luminous
    5highly luminous
    Temperature factor T
    1alpine to nival stages (from the treeline to the snowline)
    1+suprasubalpine and upper subalpine levels (pine and larch forests)
    2subalpine level (coniferous forests without beeches up to the upper limit of spruces)
    2+lower subalpine and upper mountain stages
    3mountain level (beech and silver fir forests, in the central Alps Scots pine forests)
    3+lower mountain and upper hill levels
    4hill level (mixed deciduous oak forests)
    4+hot places, hill level
    5very hot places, hill level (only in the hottest places, typical of southern Europe)
    Continentality K
    1Atlantic (high air humidity, very low temperature variations, mild winters)
    2Sub-Atlantic (high air humidity, low temperature variations, relatively mild winters)
    3sub-Atlantic to subcontinental (average air humidity, moderately variable temperature, slightly low winter temperatures)
    4subcontinental (low air humidity, large temperature variations, rather cold winters)
    5continental (very low air humidity, very large temperature variations, cold winters)

Nomenclature

Accepted Name (Checklist 2017)

Allium sativum L.

Vernacular name

Deutscher Name :

Knoblauch

Nom français :

Ail

Nome italiano :

Aglio comune

Match with other reference books

Relation Nom Book No
=Allium sativum L.Checklist 201724100
=Allium sativum L.Flora Helvetica 20012873
=Allium sativum L.Flora Helvetica 20122489
=Allium sativum L.Flora Helvetica 20182489
=Allium sativum L.Index synonymique 199624100
=Allium sativum L.SISF/ISFS 224100
= The taxon corresponds to the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
< The taxon is included in the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)
> The taxon includes (among others) also the accepted taxon (Checklist 2017)

Status

Native status

-

IUCN list of endangered species (© Walter & Gillett 1997) : No